;d{lkt –-@)^(,!,dL{dL{/] df k|sfzLt
eO;s]sf]_
p7\gvf]H5' ;lSbg km]/L ;'T5', Psl5gkl5
knªusf] cf8lnP/ km]/L p7\5' l/ªu6f rN5 cfkm} kmgg 3'd]h:tf] x'G5' /f]6]lkªu
v]n]h:tf] x'G5 cfvfF x]{g ;lSbg km]/L ;'T5' . d'v 3f6FL ,;'Vvf , RofkRoflk ePsf] 5 . d]/f] cf]5\ofg ghLs} 6]jndf kfgL5
lxhf] /dnfn] y{d;df kfgL ttfP/ /fvLlbPls lyOg\ . @6's|f lj:s'6 / cf}ifwL kgL
pg}n] v'jfP/ uPlsyLOg\ . Psl5g cfPkgL t x'g]gL /dnf nfO{ ;Demg k'U5' ,pgsf] kgL
t 3/df sfd xf]nf ug}{ k/\of] .;s]/ cfplng\ . /ftL t Hj/f]d} d:t eP5' z/L/ ;a} kf]n]h:tf]
ePsf] yLof] clxn] lr;f] ePsf]5 k;Lgfn] ;a} z/L/ leh]sf] 5 . s]lx xn'sf] t ePsf]
5 t/ p7\g ;ls/x]ls 5'Og . k'j{ bIfL0f k§Lsf] d]/f] sf]7f ;L/fgL ghLs} emofn 5
To;}n] ;// lr;f] xfjf d]/f] sf]7fdf 7f]lSs/x]sf] 5 .p7\g g;s]/ emofn af6} xft xNnfPsf] klg $÷%
k6s eO;Sof] ;fob s;}n] b]v]gg Sof/ \sf]lx l5d]ls cfO{k'u]sf5}gg\ .
ef]snfu] h:tf] klg ePsf] 5 6]jndf lj:s'6
kfgL 5 t/ p7\g ;ls/x]ls 5'Og .kflg vfg nDsG5' z/L/ y/y/L sfD5 .d]/} z/L/ d]/f]
x}g em}F nfU5 cfvfF lt{dL/fp5 xftv'6f un]/ zLyLn ePsf] cg'ej x'G5 . s;f] s;f]
uLnf; ;dfp5' uLnf; e'O{Fdf v:gk'U5 s:tf]
sdhf]/ jgfP5 !/ftsf] Hj/f]n] kgL o:tf] cj:yfdf k'/\ofP5 .pd]/ hf]z hfFu/
/x'~h]n slt u/\of] slt of] Hofgn] k/L>d elg ;fWo 5}g , lxhf] !ef/L 3fF; lnP/
cfpFbf o;/L cfFugdf n8\gk'uF]5' . kNnf3/ls ;fFO{lngflgls 5f]/L ladnfn] b]v]/
xh'/cfdf n8\g'eof] eGb} xNnvNn u/L5g\ l5d]lsx? cfP/ p7fP/ NofP5g\ . lxhf]
ljxfg} p7\bf lhp ef/L ePsf] lyof] vfg dg klg nfu]g km]/L 3fF; klg sf6\g}kg{]
clnslt ePklg ufO{n] b'w lbG5 nf]e nfUbf] /x]5 . ;wF} t sflFG5n] 3fF; sf6]/
ufO{nfO xflnlblGy v} lxhf] Tof] klg cfOg
ufFpsf] ljx]df Tot} cndln5 vfgkfOxfln sfd ;3fPjfkt clnslt k};f klg
kfOxflnxf]nf bªu k/L Tot} x/fO{ .
z/L/ lzlyn5 lj:tf/} dfg;k6n leq k'/fgf
ofbx? Tffhf jg]/ v]Ng] df}sf kfp5 clttsf] ;'Gb/ lrq cfFvf cufl8 cfP/ gfRgyfN5
cfxf slt v'zL yLP lt lbgx? h'gtf/f;Fu} /dfpb} glbsf] ;':t;':t jxfj h:t} ju]sf]
;fgf] ;G;f/ km'n}km'nsf] ;'uGwn] d8f/LPsf] Pp6f ju}{Frf lyof] cfh To;}sf] ofbn]
of] dg ljrlnt eO/x]5 . cflv/ lsg plgx?sf] klg t cfkmgf] ;G;f/5 jRrf5g\ cfkmg}
kl/jf/ 5 cfkmgf] ;G;f/df /dfPsf5g\ . oL ;j} s'/f /fd|f] ;uF j'em]ls 5' d}n] /
dnfO of] klg yfxf 5 ls plgx?sf] v'zL leq} d]/f] klg v'zL 5 . tfklg lsg cfh otL
w]/} ofbn] ;tfp5 dnfO . cfFvf jf6 cfFz' /f]Sg vf]H5' emg\ 5rNsLb} cfp5 aiff{sf]
e]n;/L p{nG5 . r6\ofªu k/]em}F d'6'sf] w8\sg sDkG5 , dft[Tjsf] efjgf o;/L
kf]vLG5ls dfgf} of] ;G;f/df d dfq Ppl6 cfdf x'F clg d]/f b'O{ 5f]/f / 5f]/L .
;DxfNg vf]H5' cfkm'nfO ;lSbg xf5v'§f un]/ cfp5 . nfUb5 w]/} tnf dfyL d]/f
jRrfx?5g\ d e'FOtnfdf PlSn j'9L ofqfsf] clGtd uGtJo tkm{ k'Ug nfUb}5' .
plgx? w] /} 6f9f k'uL;s]sf5g\ g t d plgx?nfO cfjfh lbg;S5' g t
dfyL pSngg} ;S5' .
;Demgfn] cltg} ;tfpg yfn]k5L sdhf]/ dfq
x}gls Ps ls;Ldsf] /f]u} nfUbf] /x]5 . cfkm'nfO{ w]/} ;fx;L / w}o{jfg ;DemGy] 5f]/f5f]/L
jflx/ k9\g hfg]j]nfdf plgx?nfO{ xf;FLxfF;L ljbf u/]ls lyP . ;fob pd]/n]
klg wf]sf lbP/ xf]nf dfg;Ls zf/Ll/s
b'j}df cfkm' sdhf]/ x'bF} uPsf] cg'ej x'gyfn]sf]5 .
a'jf :ju{ ePotf gfjfns jRrfsf] kfngkf]if0f
lzIff ;fy} a'jfsf] cg'kl:yltdf cfOkg{] ;j} sfd d]/f] sfFwdf cfof] plgx?sf] jfndlitisdf
c;/ gk/f];\ eg]/ vfkm'nfO{ ;xh jgfo]F jflx/ s7f]/ b]vfpb} cfFz' leqleq}
ljnfOlbP ,lk8f bjfOlbP ,s'g}lbg cfefif ;Dd x'g lbOgls plgx?sf] a'jf x'g'x'Gg .
s'g}s'/fsf] cefj sf] b'Mv jGg'gk/f];\ Tof] k|of; ;wF} /lx/x\of] . eft vfg] v]t
j]rLlbP lsgls d]/f] jRrfsf] eljio d]/f] ;ª3{ifdf 5{nªu b]v]lsyLP . xfF;f] /
v'zLn] d]/f] 3/ e/LPsf] yLof] . ;'v b'v h;f]t;f] /fd|};Fu rn]sf]lyof] . k9fOdf
slxNo} jfwf kg{ kfPg rfx]sf] ljifo k9\g] OR5f k'/f ePsf] lyof] . k9fOdf Ps;]Ps
;kmn jGb} uP kmn:j?k plgx?sf] jflx/L b]z k9\g hfg] rfxgfklg k'/feof] . OdfGbf/
/ ldlxg]tsf] kmn ld7f] x'bf]/x]5 ,le;fnfu]sf] lbg xif{sf] s'g} ;Ldf /x]g /fte/L
#hgf jftdf{bfdf{b} pHofnf] ePsf] lyof] . @ jif{sf] km/s u/]/ s|dz 5f]/f / 5f]/L
b'j} jflx/ uo] . uPsf] klg w]/}jif{ ljlt;s]5 ;do bf}l8P/ sfxfF k'uL;s]5 .
nf]nfPsf cfFvf PSsf;L lwQfdf 7f]lSsg k'U5g\ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] ljBfjf/LwL sf]
kmf]6f] df b[io :k{z x'G5 ,emg} ;Demgfn] ulx/fOdf k'/\ofp5 efjljJxn x'G5'
csf]{kl6 cfvfF 3'D5 Kof/fgflt gfltlgx? dnfO x]/]/ jf]nfO /x]sf5g\ . xfd|f] e]6
gePklg kmf]gdf s'/f ePsf]5 wskm'sfP/ v]Ng cªufnf] e/Lsf] dfofF plgx?sf] sfvdf
kf]Vg kfOg t s] ef] cfvL/ \ ltlgx? d]/f ;Gtfg
x'g\ .,;fgf] k/Ljf/sf] k'/fgf] kmf]6f] klg ;Fu} 5 h'g kmf]6f] nfO{ x]/]/
d]/f] lbgsf] z'?jft x'G5 . h;nfO{ d d]/f] ;fxf/f ;DemG5' b'vdf ?G5' clg v'zdf
xfF:5' PSn} a/a/fp5' tl:j/ ;Fu} jf]N5' Ps}l5gsf] nfuL d d]/f jRrf;uF} /dfpg]
u{5' . tl:j/ x]{bfx]{b} d t Tolx x/fP5' cfFz'sf jlnGb|wf/f jlu/x]5g\ cfkm'nfO
yfDg ;lSbg lbg ulGt u5{' .]} nfdf] ;do ljlt;s]5 jRrfx?jf6 cnu eP/ j:g yfn]sf] ,km]/L
lsg cfh o;/L d'v{ jlg/x]ls5'. kfunem}F dg vfln vfln ePh:tf,] xfd|f] e]6
x'b}gh:tf] nfuL/x]5 . lhGbuL jfRg] lxDdt phf{ plgx?s} dfofFdf c8]sf] 5 t}klg
cfh of] dg lgis[o 5 plgx?ljgfsf] of] hut cGwsf/ nfU5 ;'Go nfU5 . ;G;f/sf]
lgodg} o:t} /x]5 . kmf]gdf jf]n]sf] zAbn] dfq ;fGTjgf ldNg 5f8L;Sof] t/ hlt x'/L
rn]/ dg hn]/ v/flg ePklg dgsf] Joyf dgd} /fVg' l7s x'G5 . ;Dxflng] k|of; u5'{ .
wf/fk|jfxf k'/fgf ofbx? Tfhf jGb} cfvfF
cufl8 gfRg yfN5 . Pslbg :s'njf6 3/ cfpbf dnfO b]Vb}gg\ vfhf efG5fdf lyof] t/
d}n] glbo];Dd gvfg] plgx?sf] jfgL lyof] . dnfO vf]Hb} lx8]5g\ . afv|fn]
l5d]lssf] tf]/Ljf/Ldf k;]/ jfnL vfOlbP5 d To;}df km;]lslyP .dnfO ckzAb af]Nb}
ufln u{gyfn] . 5f]/Ln] ;'lg5Lg\ xfd|L cfdfnfO s]lx eGg] clwsf/ ltdLx?nfO 5}g
;Lwf x'g'x'G5 d]/Lcfdf To:sf] cy{ ltdLx? ufnLub}{ hfp r'krfk cfdf ;xg'x’G5 . stL g]S;fg u/]sf]5 Tof] xfdL ltg{ tof/ 5f} t/ xfd|L cfdfnfO o;/L
x]Kg kfpb}gf} cfdfsf] ;fxf/f xfdL5f} b'vsf] 5fofF ;Dd kg{ lbg5}gf} . d'v aGb
x'g] u/L hjfkm nufO{ lbPsf lyP To; lbg
dnfO{ yfxfeof] d]/f jRrfx? t 7'nf / ;dembf/L kf] e};s]sf/x]5g\ . d]/f] cg'xf/df
xfF;f] Nofpg j]n'sf cg]sy/L /dfO{nf s'/f u/]sf lyP. d]/f ;ª3{ifsf lbgx? uPsf]
cfefif eof] d]/f] cfwf/, d}n] rfx]sf] ;G;f/ ,;ª3{ifsf] cy{ d}n] kfO{;s]ls5' .
tn UjfnLdf ufO{ s/fPsf] cfjfh cfp5 Wofg
To; tkm{hfG5 . x}g of] 3/sf] ufO{ t cfh ynfd} 5 x]/ d]/f] 3fF;sf] lj6f] lt/
nDs]sf] . ef]s} kf] 5 t afa} x]/ k]6 bflaPsf] sfxfF u}l5g\ cfh oL 3/ ls j'l8. P
xh'/cfdf sfxfF x'g'x'G5. xh'/cfdf . Kofs'/]n dfNbfO{ d]/} sf]7f lt/
nDsb}5g\. xj'/cfdf nfO ;Grf] ePgls
Sofxf] . d]/f gfl8 / lgwf/ 5fDg k'O5g\ . d]/f gogsf] ;ªs]t j'emb} uLnf;sf] kflg
v'jfpg kl5 x6\b}gg\ . km]/L ufO{ s/fpg yfN5 ef]sfof] xf]nf ;w}Fsf] vf]n] vfg] j]nfeof] p:n] klg of] a'l8 sfxfF uO eg]/ vfHb}
xf]nf t]O clnslt b'w lkP/ v'6f 6]lsPsf]5 Tolx klg dfofF df{g'k5{ km]/L ufO{ klg
sfxfF hfltsf] 5 / ,cl:t b'x'b} ubf{ nfltn] lx{sfP/ jflN6sf] b'w ;j} kf]vLof] d
klg k/ k5f/Lg k'u]F aNnaNn p7] . cfh oLg}nfO{ b'g eGg'k5{ xf]nf . ePe/sf] an
lgsfn]/ ufO{ zAb k'/f x'g gkfpb} ;fQf] hfg] u/]/ xDsfpg yfN5g\ dfNbfO{ . oL
a'l8 klg cfkmgf] Hofgsf] of] ult ef 5 s] sf] ufOsf] lrGtfd]/f] ufOnfO{ NofPsf]
clnslt 3fF; clxn]nfO{ xfNlbG5' , sfd sfd eGbfeGb} Hofg hfg nfu]sf] yf 5}g . n d
hfG5' clxn] ,j:t'nfO{ 3fF; xfNg a]/ ef] 5f]/L OlGb/f nfO k7fOlbG5' ;fyL klg x'G5
] sfd klg ;3fOlbG5] . dfNbfO lg:sG5g\.s]lxIf0f
kl5 cg]sy/L sf dgsf ugyg af6 oyf{tdf
kms{G5' cfkmg' ;G;f/df kms{G5' lgGb|faf6 Ao'em]Fh:tf] x'G5' . cfkm'nfO ;lhnf]
dxz'z u5{' . . lj:tf/} p7]/ j:5' OlGb/fn] d'ªsf] bfnsf] ;'k agfP/ NofOlbPls5g\
. rDrfn] lj:tf/} lkpg] sf]zLz u{5' .
hfxfF d}n] of] ;f/f hLGbuL ;d{lkt u/] To:sf]
kmn dnfO cjZo ldln;s]sf] 5 . d]/f d'6'sf 6's|fx? h;nfO b'vsf] l5sf{ ;Dd kg{ glbg s]f nfuL sfF8fFsf] ljrdf klg sfF7f
kG5fpb} jf6f] b]vfOlbP / Tolx j6f]df km'n /f]k]/ plgx?nfO lx8fo] .d}n] b]vfPsf]
jf6f] lx8]/ cfh uGtAodf k'uL;s]sf5g\ km'n l6lk;s]sf5g\ d]/f] ;dgf ;fsf/ kf/LlbPsf5g\
d]/f ;Gtfgn] ca dnfO s'g} }
u'gf;f] 5}g . dft[Tjefjfgfn] pynk'yn ePsf]
of] dg cj zfGt xg'k5{ .d k'0f{ ePls5' . d]/f] ofqf k'0f{ ePsf] 5 . eujfgsf]
s[kf plgx?df ;w}F/lx/xf];\ d]/f] cfzL{jfb ;bf;bf /xg]5 . d]/f xft ltdLx?sf]
zL/df ;bf /xg]5 .
